Përkthimi i kuptimeve Surja El Bekare - Përkthimi anglisht - Dr. Valid Bulejhish El-Amri - Në proces. - Numri i faqes 22 - Enciklopedia e Kuranit Fisnik

142 : 2

۞ سَيَقُولُ ٱلسُّفَهَآءُ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَا وَلَّىٰهُمۡ عَن قِبۡلَتِهِمُ ٱلَّتِي كَانُواْ عَلَيۡهَاۚ قُل لِّلَّهِ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقُ وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبُۚ يَهۡدِي مَن يَشَآءُ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ

(142) The feeble-minded people^[217] will say: “What turned them away from the direction of Prayer^[218] they used to face?” Say: “To Allah belongs the East and the West^[219]. He guides whom He wills to a straight path”^[220].

[217] The seismic shift of the change in the direction of Prayer from Jerusalem to the Kaʿbah in Makkah is dealt with in detail in Ayas 142-150 here. During their very early Madinan days, Muslims used to face Jerusalem for Prayers in compliance with the People of the Book of Madinah, namely the Jews; this by way of placating and winning them over. Here, God is setting the scene for the criticism that was to be expected by announcing to the Prophet (ﷺ) and his Companions that those who oppose this move are foolhardy and ‘feeble-minded’. The whole truth of this trying affair is laid out before the Believers so that they know what is to come - difficulty and opposition – and that they will, thus, be prepared and stay firm.
[218] Qiblah is the Islamic term for the direction Muslims face in their Prayers. As to the reason behind the revelation of this aya, al-Barā’ Ibn ʿĀzib (رضي الله عنه) narrated: “The Prophet (ﷺ) Prayed towards the direction of Jerusalem for sixteen or seventeen months, but he was inclined towards Praying to the direction of the Kaʿbah. Then Allah sent down: “We have certainly seen you turning your face ˹anxiously˺ in the sky. We shall turn you to a direction of Prayer that you shall be satisfied with. Turn then your face to the Sanctified Mosque” (2: 144). He then turned towards the Kaʿbah, and the feeble-minded, ˹the Prophet’s (ﷺ) detractors˺, said: “What turned them away from the direction of Prayer they used to face?”” (al-Bukhārī: 399, Muslim: 525) This move marked a practical declaration of the relation of Islam to the Abrahamic creed (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr, al-Saʿdī) a return to the pristine religion of God, i.e. Islām. At the same time, it represented a practical announcement of Islam’s break from other religions: a timely statement of intent given the essential reality that has just been given about the Truthfulness of the Abrahamic creed in the preceding ayas.
[219] No direction is out of the realm of His dominion. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[220] That is guiding the Believers to the same direction of Prayer which Abraham (عليه السلام) used to face. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)

143 : 2

وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلۡنَٰكُمۡ أُمَّةٗ وَسَطٗا لِّتَكُونُواْ شُهَدَآءَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ ٱلرَّسُولُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ شَهِيدٗاۗ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَا ٱلۡقِبۡلَةَ ٱلَّتِي كُنتَ عَلَيۡهَآ إِلَّا لِنَعۡلَمَ مَن يَتَّبِعُ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِمَّن يَنقَلِبُ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيۡهِۚ وَإِن كَانَتۡ لَكَبِيرَةً إِلَّا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَدَى ٱللَّهُۗ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَٰنَكُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِٱلنَّاسِ لَرَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ

(143) Thus We have made you a middle nation^[221], so that you may be witnesses over people and the Messenger be a witness over you^[222]. We have made you face the direction of Prayer you used to, so that We may know he who follows the Messenger from he who turns back on his heels^[223]. Indeed it^[224] is heavy except for those who are guided by Allah. Allah was not to render your Belief^[225] in vain; indeed Allah is Ever-Kind, Ever-Merciful to people.

[221] Ummatan wasaṭan (lit. a middle nation) means just and fair, taking a middle way or path of moderation in life and not inclining towards any of the extremes that border on danger (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn ʿĀshūr). Also see: 3: 110.
[222] One interpretation of this aya is that this moderate Believing nation, will bear witness on the Day of Judgement that the Prophets and Messengers of God delivered their Messages dutifully to their nations (cf. Ibn Mājah: 4284, ImāmAḥmad: 11575). Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) will, in turn, bear witness that his nation has spoken the Truth (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿĀshūr, al-Shinqīṭī, al-Saʿdī).
[223] A true Believer will abide by the Prophet’s commands without qualms.
[224] The change of qiblah.
[225] Īmān (Belief) here means Prayer which was observed in obedience of the Messenger (ﷺ) by facing the first qiblah (cf. Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, al-Shinqīṭī). Naturally, the Believers, although unquestioningly obeying God’s command, heavy as it was, were worried about the fate of their earlier Prayers. So God, the Ever-Kind, assures them here that these are safeguarded with Him.

144 : 2

قَدۡ نَرَىٰ تَقَلُّبَ وَجۡهِكَ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِۖ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبۡلَةٗ تَرۡضَىٰهَاۚ فَوَلِّ وَجۡهَكَ شَطۡرَ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِۚ وَحَيۡثُ مَا كُنتُمۡ فَوَلُّواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ شَطۡرَهُۥۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ لَيَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا يَعۡمَلُونَ

(144) We have certainly seen you turning your face ˹anxiously˺ in the sky^[226]. We shall turn you to a direction of Prayer that you shall be satisfied with. Turn then your face to the Sanctified Mosque^[227]. Wherever you ˹Believers˺ are, turn your faces towards it. Indeed those who have been given the Book know for sure that this is the Truth from their Lord^[228]—Allah is not unaware of what they do.

[226] The Prophet (ﷺ) was anxiously awaiting the command to change the qiblah. For this he used to look up at the sky expectantly. (al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī)
[227] al-Masjid al-Ḥarām of Makkah (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[228] Jews and Christians have it in their Books that this is the correct direction of Prayer as it is written in their Books as a sign of Muhammad’s (ﷺ) Prophethood. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr)

145 : 2

وَلَئِنۡ أَتَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِكُلِّ ءَايَةٖ مَّا تَبِعُواْ قِبۡلَتَكَۚ وَمَآ أَنتَ بِتَابِعٖ قِبۡلَتَهُمۡۚ وَمَا بَعۡضُهُم بِتَابِعٖ قِبۡلَةَ بَعۡضٖۚ وَلَئِنِ ٱتَّبَعۡتَ أَهۡوَآءَهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ إِنَّكَ إِذٗا لَّمِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

(145) Surely if you bring to the people of the Book every Sign, they will not follow your direction of Prayer, neither will you follow their direction of Prayer. None of you will follow each other’s direction of Prayer. Surely if you follow their whims after the knowledge that came to you, indeed then you are one of the wrongdoers.