ការបកប្រែអត្ថន័យគួរអាន - ការបកប្រែជាភាសាអង់គ្លេស - បណ្ឌិត វ៉ាលីទព្លីហាស្ហ អូម៉ើរី - កំពុងដំណើរការលើវា
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَٰتِلُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡكُفَّارِ وَلۡيَجِدُواْ فِيكُمۡ غِلۡظَةٗۚ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ
[2261] This is yet another security procedure for the community to follow; ensuring that the borders are secure and the enemy does not think lightly of aggressing against the Believers (cf. Tafsīr al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, al-Mukhtaṣar).
وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٞ فَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمۡ زَادَتۡهُ هَٰذِهِۦٓ إِيمَٰنٗاۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَزَادَتۡهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَهُمۡ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ
[2262] This passage yet again directly tackles the subject of hypocrites so that this extremely important issue is not left without being again raised at the end of the sura. The community is to be left with a clear reminder of the hypocrites’ unsettling presence and is left with a message to think about and reconsider their position.
[2263] This is what some of the hypocrites would facetiously say whenever a portion of the Qur’an was sent down (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Saʿdī). They flippantly did so to ridicule the Believers and to stress their defiance because some Qur’anic ayas specifically said that they would increase the Faith of the Believers (cf. 8: 2) and/or that some of the Believers actually declared that whenever they heard a portion of the Qur’an their Faith increased (cf. al-Bukhārī: 799) (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2264] “O people! Indeed, there has come to you a warning from your Lord, a cure for what is in the hearts, a guide, and a mercy for the Believers. *Say: “In Allah’s grace and mercy let them rejoice. That is far better than whatever ˹wealth˺ they amass”” (10: 57-58). “We have sent down to you the Book as clarification for all things and as guidance and mercy and good news to all who ˹humbly˺ submit” (16: 89).
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ فَزَادَتۡهُمۡ رِجۡسًا إِلَىٰ رِجۡسِهِمۡ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ
[2265] “We send down of the Qur’an what is healing and mercy to the Believers but it only increases the wrongdoers in loss” (17: 82).
أَوَلَا يَرَوۡنَ أَنَّهُمۡ يُفۡتَنُونَ فِي كُلِّ عَامٖ مَّرَّةً أَوۡ مَرَّتَيۡنِ ثُمَّ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَلَا هُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
[2266] They are being sent reminders and wake-up calls each year but little do they heed (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Were they only when Our affliction befell them to ˹sincerely˺ humble themselves! Nay, but their hearts became hard and Satan made what they used to do look attractive to them” (6: 43).
وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٞ نَّظَرَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ هَلۡ يَرَىٰكُم مِّنۡ أَحَدٖ ثُمَّ ٱنصَرَفُواْۚ صَرَفَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُم بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ
[2267] This aya throws light on a very crafty subtlety of the hypocrites: whenever yet another a portion of the Qur’an comes down addressing them, they would exchange discreet knowing glances as if to say to each other: “Who is this person who sees you while you plot in secret and tells Muhammad [ﷺ] about it?” (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn ʿĀshūr). In fact, this aya in itself is sign enough for them that God knows what they reveal and what they hold in secret. Instead of paying heed and taking this sign for what it is, they turn away reverting to their ways: “…but the hypocrites comprehend not!” (63: 7); “Indeed the worst of the all creatures with Allah are the deaf and dumb—those who cannot heed. *Had Allah known any good in them, He would have made them listen; ˹even˺ had He made them listen, they would have turned away, looking the other way” (8: 22-23).
لَقَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولٞ مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيۡهِ مَا عَنِتُّمۡ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيۡكُم بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ
[2268] This final passage rounds up the sura and leaves all concerned parties with a message. Tough as the dictates and premises of this sura are, they are essential remedies for the betterment and long-term viability of society as well as the individuals who live within it. The kind of tough love needed so that people may ponder their fate and seek out the open doors of repentance. The additional advantage being that the one who oversees their implementation is one of their own, as opposed to a foreign element who is not alive to the realities and intricacies of the recipients of the reminder, and that he is inherently empathetic and compassionate “a mercy to all-beings” (cf. 21: 107, al-Rāzī, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2269] “Our Lord send them a Messenger from among them to recite Your Signs to them, teach them the Book and Wisdom and purify them; You are the All-Prevailing, the All-Wise” (2: 129).
[2270] ʿAbdullāh Ibn ʿAmr Ibn al-ʿĀṣ (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “The Messenger (ﷺ) recited Allah Almighty’s saying in Sura Ibrāhīm ˹the following˺: “My Lord! They ˹false idols˺ have caused many people to go astray. So whoever follows me is with me, and whoever disobeys me—then surely You are ˹still˺ All-Forgiving, Most Merciful” (14: 36) and ʿĪsā’s saying: “If you Punish them, then they are ˹only˺ Your servants, but if You forgive them, then You are truly the All-Prevailing, All-Wise” (5: 118). Then he (ﷺ) raised his hands and implored: “O Allah, ˹spare˺ my nation, ˹spare˺ my nation!” He then cried. Upon that Allah said to ˹archangel˺ Gabriel: “Gabriel go to Muhammad and –while you Lord knows best– ask him: “What makes you cry?”” Gabriel (عليه السلام) came to him and asked him so the Messenger (ﷺ) told him. He went back and Allah said: “Gabriel go to Muhammad and tell him that: “We shall comfort you and will not hurt you with regards to your nation”” (Muslim: 202).
[2271] The Messenger (ﷺ) was keen on and impassioned about guiding people and teaching them all that is good a beneficial (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). Abū Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “My example with my nation is that of a man who ignites a fire and moths and insects keep on falling into it. You are drawn to fall into the fire but I am holding you back by your waistbands” (al-Bukhārī: 6483, Muslim: 2284).
[2272] “By Allah’s Mercy you ˹Muhammad˺ relented to them. Had you been harsh and hard-hearted, they would have disbanded from around you. Pardon them and pray for forgiveness for them and seek their counsel in affairs…” (3: 159). ʿAbdullāh Ibn Abī Awfā (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “The Prophet (ﷺ) would not have ever disdained or scorned beating a path with a widow or a poor person to conduct their affair” (al-Tirmidhī, al-ʿIlal al-Kabīr: 670, al-Nasā’ī: 1414). Anas Ibn Mālik (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “A herd’s man urinated in the mosque and some people stood up to him. The Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Leave him and do not interrupt him!” When the man was done, he (ﷺ) called for a bucket of water and poured it over it ˹the man’s urine˺’” (al-Bukhārī: 6025, Muslim: 284).
فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَقُلۡ حَسۡبِيَ ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ
[2273] If the rebellious choose to pay no heed to all the reminders and the hard-hitting discourse abound in this sura and turn away from repentance, the Messenger (ﷺ) is to seek aid in God Who is sufficient enough as Helper (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr): “˹He is˺ The Lord of the East and West, there is no god but Him, so take Him as ˹your˺ Guardian” (73: 9).
[2274] The sura ends with a comforting note to the Messenger (ﷺ), being of such a tender constitution, and, by default, the Believers in the face of all stiff opposition and unyielding resistance. He is to seek support in God and find solace in these words: ʿAbdullāh Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say when grieved: “There is no god worthy of worship except for Allah, the Most Great, the oft-Forbearing. There is no god worthy of worship except for Allah, Lord of the Great Throne. There is no god worthy of worship except for Allah, Lord of the Heavens, the Earth and the Majestic Throne” (al-Bukhārī: 6346, Muslim: 2730). Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما) narrated: ‘“Ḥasbunā Allāh-u wa niʿma l-Wakīlu (Allah suffices us, He is the best of Keepers)” was said by Ibrāhīm when he was thrown into the fire. It was also said by Muhammad (ﷺ): “Those who ˹when˺ people said to them: “People have regrouped for you, so fear them”, their Belief ˹only˺ grew firmer and they said: “Allah suffices us, He is the best of Keepers”” (3: 173)” (al-Bukhārī: 4563).
