ការបកប្រែអត្ថន័យ ជំពូក​ អាត់តាវហ្ពះ - ការបកប្រែជាភាសាអង់គ្លេស - បណ្ឌិត វ៉ាលីទព្លីហាស្ហ អូម៉ើរី - កំពុងដំណើរការលើវា - លេខ​ទំព័រ 206 - សព្វវចនាធិប្បាយនៃគម្ពីគួរអាន

118 : 9

وَعَلَى ٱلثَّلَٰثَةِ ٱلَّذِينَ خُلِّفُواْ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا ضَاقَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتۡ وَضَاقَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَن لَّا مَلۡجَأَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّآ إِلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ لِيَتُوبُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

(118) And ˹He relented˺ towards the three who were left behind^[2252], ˹not˺ until the land tightened around them despite its vastness and their own selves straitened them, and they became certain that there was no refuge from Allah except in Him; He relented on them so that they may repent—verily none but Allah is the All-Forgiving the Most Merciful.

[2252] These are Kaʿb Ibn Mālik, Hilāl Ibn Umayyah and Murārah Ibn al-Rabīʿ, who were sincere Companions but, for one reason or another and without valid excuses, failed to join the Messenger (ﷺ) in his campaign. When he came back, they did not fabricate alibis like the hypocrites did but told the outright truth. To punish them, the Messenger imposed a ban on them; he forbade people to talk to them and ordered them to stay away from their wives. This state of affairs lasted for fifty nights until this aya came down. During this time, they endured acute mental anguish, being both sincere and ostracized by the society to which they belonged. This aya beautifully encapsulates how constrained they felt. For a very detailed firsthand account of their story see al-Bukhārī: 4418 and Muslim: 2769.

119 : 9

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ

(119) You who Believe, be Mindful of Allah and be among the Truthful^[2253].

[2253] The Truthfulness of these three Companions delivered them (cf. Ibn ʿAṭiyyah). ʿAbdullāh Ibn Masʿūd (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Abide by truthfulness (al-ṣidq), as truthfulness leads to sincere piety (al-birr) and sincere piety leads to Paradise. A man speaks the truth and heeds it until he is recorded with Allah as an affirmer of the truth (ṣiddīq). Beware of lying, as it leads to rebelliousness (fujūr) and rebelliousness leads to Hellfire. A man keeps on lying and sticking to lies until he is recorded with Allah as a liar” (al-Bukhārī: 6094, Muslim: 2607).

120 : 9

مَا كَانَ لِأَهۡلِ ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ وَمَنۡ حَوۡلَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ أَن يَتَخَلَّفُواْ عَن رَّسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَرۡغَبُواْ بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ لَا يُصِيبُهُمۡ ظَمَأٞ وَلَا نَصَبٞ وَلَا مَخۡمَصَةٞ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَـُٔونَ مَوۡطِئٗا يَغِيظُ ٱلۡكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنۡ عَدُوّٖ نَّيۡلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم بِهِۦ عَمَلٞ صَٰلِحٌۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ

(120) ^[2254]It is not for the people of Madinah and the herds people around them to remain back behind Allah’s Messenger nor to draw themselves away from him^[2255]. That because they will suffer no thirst, ˹hard˺ toil, severe hunger in the path of Allah; nor would they tread a ground that infuriates the Deniers or get a portion of an enemy^[2256] without it recorded for them as a good deed—verily Allah wastes not the reward of good-doers^[2257].

[2254] This is a gentle encouraging reminder for the rest of the community to “be among the truthful”, the Messenger (ﷺ) and his honourable Companions, and join them in their campaign gaining great rewards in the process (cf. Abū Ḥayyān).
[2255] “The Prophet is more worthy of the Believers than their own selves…” (33: 6).
[2256] Their overcoming their enemy, be it significant or otherwise; killing, injuring, taking captive, winning spoils or defeating (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[2257] “Verily Allah does not deal ˹anyone˺ unjustly as much as a mote’s weight; if it is a ˹one˺ good deed done, then He multiplies it and grants from His own ˹additionally˺ a great reward” (4: 40).

121 : 9

وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ نَفَقَةٗ صَغِيرَةٗ وَلَا كَبِيرَةٗ وَلَا يَقۡطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمۡ لِيَجۡزِيَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَحۡسَنَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ

(121) Nor do they give out any sum, small or large, or cross a valley, without it recorded for them, so that Allah may reward them ˹as much as they would be˺ for the best of what they used to do^[2258].

[2258] “Whoever does good, whether male or female, while being a Believer, We will surely cause them to live a good life, and We will surely give them their reward ˹in the Hereafter˺ according to the best of what they used to do” (16: 97).

122 : 9

۞ وَمَا كَانَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُواْ كَآفَّةٗۚ فَلَوۡلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرۡقَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ طَآئِفَةٞ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُواْ فِي ٱلدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡ إِذَا رَجَعُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِمۡ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَحۡذَرُونَ

(122) ^[2259]The Believers are not to mobilize wholly. Would there mobilize from every band of them ˹only˺ a group so that ˹the remaining ones would be able˺ to seek knowledge in religion and warn their folks upon their return ˹to them˺^[2260], might they be cautious.

[2259] This is a crucial regulatory note to the community. As much as fighting in the path of God is important to safeguard the Faith, seeking knowledge is no less important for the wellbeing of the society (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[2260] The meaning of this aya is disputed, however, most exegetes interpret it in the way it is translated here with the explanatory parentheticals (cf. al-Zajjāj, al-Wāḥidī, al-Wajīz, al-Qurṭubī, al-Qāsimī, al-Saʿdī, al-Muyassar, al-Mukhtaṣar).