Prijevod značenja časnog Kur'ana - Prijevod na engleski jezik: dr. Velid Blejheš Omeri. (još se radi na ovome)
وَلَقَدۡ ذَرَأۡنَا لِجَهَنَّمَ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِۖ لَهُمۡ قُلُوبٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمۡ أَعۡيُنٞ لَّا يُبۡصِرُونَ بِهَا وَلَهُمۡ ءَاذَانٞ لَّا يَسۡمَعُونَ بِهَآۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ كَٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ بَلۡ هُمۡ أَضَلُّۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰفِلُونَ
[1823] The misguided ones, who are destined for Hell, willfully fail to use their faculties of discernment and understanding which God endowed them with to get at the Truth and follow guidance (cf. Abū Ḥayyān): “…We gave them hearing, sight, and hearts. But their hearing and sight and hearts availed them not from anything when they were ˹continually˺ rejecting Allah’s Signs. And ˹so˺ they were overwhelmed by what they used to ridicule” (46: 26); “The worst creatures with Allah are those who are ˹willfully˺ deaf and dumb, who do not reason. *Had Allah known any good in them, He would have made them hear; but had He made them hear, they would have turned away, averse.” (8: 22-23).
[1824] The greatest care and concern of the misguided in this life is to satiate their animalistic drives and materialistic pursuits, not sparing the least thought to the life to come; the real life: “The life of this world is merely an amusement and a diversion; the true life is in the Hereafter, if only they knew” (29: 64). In this respect, they are no better than livestock, yet the fact of the matter is that livestock are in a better state because they act upon what benefits them and instinctively pull themselves away from the bottomless abysses of eternal misery and self-destruction (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Samʿānī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Or do you reckon that most of them do hear or ˹even˺ use their reason? They are just like livestock; nay but they are more at loss” (25: 44).
[1825] “Those are the ones over whose hearts and hearing and sights Allah has sealed; these are the unmindful” (16: 108).
وَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ فَٱدۡعُوهُ بِهَاۖ وَذَرُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُلۡحِدُونَ فِيٓ أَسۡمَٰٓئِهِۦۚ سَيُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ
[1826] A central theme of this sura, Rubūbiyyah (i.e. God’s sole rightfulness to worship) is revisited here. The ones who are ‘spawned for Hell’ are quintessentially Associators, and thus they omit one of the most inherent Attributes of God, i.e. His Oneness, and, in turn, a host of related Divine Attributes and Names. So Believers are told to pray to God upholding His Most Beautiful Names and ignore the squabbles that the misguided try to stir in this regard (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Say: “Invoke Allah or invoke the Most Merciful – whichever you call, He has the Most Beautiful Names…” (17: 110). Invocation (duʿā’) encapsulates the essence of dedicated worship. In fact, the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Indeed invocation is worship” (al-Bukhārī, al-Adab al-Mufrad: 714, Imām Aḥmad: 18352). Believers are, in a way, directed to find solace in God and His Most Beautiful Names, thus shutting out all that bears down on their morale and psychological peace.
[1827] Yulḥidūna fī asmā’ih is to slant/distort/twist the Names of God from their original, proper meaning. They would call their gods by them, add to them, subtract from them, or deny some of them (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
وَمِمَّنۡ خَلَقۡنَآ أُمَّةٞ يَهۡدُونَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَبِهِۦ يَعۡدِلُونَ
[1828] These are by contrast the guided ones (cf. Abū Ḥayyān): “By time, *surely mankind is in loss, *except for those who Believe, do good deeds, urge one another to the Truth, and urge one another to steadfastness.” (103: 1-3).
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا سَنَسۡتَدۡرِجُهُم مِّنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ
[1829] “When they forgot what they were reminded of, We opened up for them the doors of everything; yet when they became full of gloating over what they were given, We took them all of a sudden, and lo they are seized with despair. *The people who did wrong were utterly wiped out; all gratitude be to Allah, the Lord of all beings” (6: 44-45); “So leave them in their heedlessness for a time. *Do they reckon that, ˹on account of˺ the wealth and the children that We have provided them, *We hasten to them with good things? Nay, but they are unaware!” (23: 54-56).
وَأُمۡلِي لَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ كَيۡدِي مَتِينٌ
[1830] Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Indeed Allah allows the wrongful time, but when He seizes them, He will not let them off”. Then he (ﷺ) recited: “Such is the seizing of your Lord when He seizes the towns while they are doing wrong. Surely His seizing is painful, severe!” (11: 102) (al-Bukhārī: 4686, Muslim: 2583)
[1831] As opposed to the kayd (machinations) of the Devil, whom the Deniers follow, which is described as ḍaʿīfā (frail) in 4: 76.
أَوَلَمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُواْۗ مَا بِصَاحِبِهِم مِّن جِنَّةٍۚ إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٌ
[1832] ˹Their fellow˺ (ṣāḥibuhum) is Muhammad (ﷺ) who brought them the Message and whose balanced character they knew all too well. Their collective faculties of discernment where so willfully clouded that they did not bother to ponder that he was indeed Truthful (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Say ˹Muhammad˺: “I advise you to do one thing only: stand before Allah, in pairs or singly, and reflect: there is no sign of madness in your fellow; he is only warning you before severe suffering arrives” (34: 46).
[1833] His being ‘fluent’ (mubīn) is a far cry from the incoherent babbling of a madman; yet even this clear fact seemed to elude them.
أَوَلَمۡ يَنظُرُواْ فِي مَلَكُوتِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ مِن شَيۡءٖ وَأَنۡ عَسَىٰٓ أَن يَكُونَ قَدِ ٱقۡتَرَبَ أَجَلُهُمۡۖ فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثِۭ بَعۡدَهُۥ يُؤۡمِنُونَ
[1834] Even if they were so biased against the Prophet (ﷺ), they would have done themselves a great service by contemplating God’s most obvious Signs, the Heavens and Earth, along with all His creations. Were they not so biased, that would surely have led them to Believe (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Wajīz, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah).
[1835] They could even have considered their fate and thereby done themselves a great service by averting it (cf. al-Rāzī, Abū al-Suʿūd).
[1836] That is the Qur’an which is enough of a reminder and an eye-opener for those of sound perception (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
مَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَا هَادِيَ لَهُۥۚ وَيَذَرُهُمۡ فِي طُغۡيَٰنِهِمۡ يَعۡمَهُونَ
[1837] Ṭughyān, lit. transgression and exceeding the limits (cf. Ibn Qutaybah, Gharīb al-Qur’ān, 41; al-Sijistānī, Gharīb al-Qur’ān, 321): “Have you seen him who takes his whims and desires to be his god; whom Allah has misguided despite his knowledge, sealed up his hearing and his heart and placed a cover over his eyes? Who then will guide him after Allah? So will you not pay heed?” (45: 23).
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَاۖ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ رَبِّيۖ لَا يُجَلِّيهَا لِوَقۡتِهَآ إِلَّا هُوَۚ ثَقُلَتۡ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ لَا تَأۡتِيكُمۡ إِلَّا بَغۡتَةٗۗ يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ كَأَنَّكَ حَفِيٌّ عَنۡهَاۖ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ
[1838] Showing how far off in their blindness the Qurayshites have strayed, they toyingly asked the Messenger to pin point for them the exact time of the Final Hour’s happening (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). Denying its happening is sheer folly; the Hour (al-sāʿah) at which people will be resurrected, then held to account for their deeds on the Day of Judgement and consigned to their eternal abodes, is an inevitability. A wise person knows better than to ridicule this gravest of all matters: “But the Deniers say: “Shall we show you a man ˹i.e. Muhammad˺ who claims that, when you have been utterly torn to pieces, you will be raised in a new creation?” (34: 7); “And they say: “When will this promise ˹come true˺, if you are ˹really˺ telling the truth? *Say, ˹Muhammad˺: “A Day has ˹already˺ been appointed for you, which you can neither delay nor advance by a ˹single˺ moment” (34: 29-30); “Yet man wants to deny what is ahead of him: *he says: “So, when will this Day of Judgement be?” (75: 5-6).
[1839] This is a very calculated answer, which is not driven by self-vindication, to their slanderous question. That Prophet Muhammad was just a human Messenger of God is the greatest honour any human being can be given, and not the stigma they alluded to (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). Anas Ibn Mālik (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “A man asked the Prophet (ﷺ): “Messenger of Allah, When is the Hour?” He replied: “What did you prepare for it?” He said: “Nothing much with regards to Praying, fasting and giving in charity. But I love Allah and His Messenger”. He (ﷺ) replied: “You are with those whom you love ˹in Paradise˺”” (al-Bukhārī: 6171, Muslim: 2639).
[1840] This is a direct translation of thaqulat which signifies the Hour’s heaviness and solemnity, after both Ibn ʿĀshūr and al-Shinqīṭī. Another reading, albeit more exegetical given the co-text, is that thaqulat means it is ‘concealed’ (khafiyat) for its sheer profundity from the dwellers of both the Heavens and Earth; no angel, no matter how nearly drawn to God he might be, or an honourable Prophet Messenger is made privy to its timing. This meaning is chosen by al-Ṭabarī and Ibn Kathīr. al-Saʿdī marries the two meanings and says that it is a grave occurrence which no one, except God Almighty, knows when it will take place: “…how can you tell? The Last Hour may well be near: *Those who Believe not in it seek to hasten it, and those who Believe are ˹fearfully˺ wary of it and know that it is the Truth. Are not those who dispute the Hour far astray?” (42: 17-18); “So if you Deny, how can you guard yourselves against a Day that will turn children’s hair grey; *it will ˹even˺ cause the sky to crack ˹open˺. His promise must be fulfilled” (73: 17-18). Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “One day, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was out with the people. ˹Archangel˺ Gabriel came to him and asked: “When is the Hour?” He (ﷺ) replied: “The one being asked about it knows none better than the one asking!”” (al-Bukhārī: 50, Muslim: 9)
[1841] Its suddenness calls for greater angst of it and better preparedness for it: “And they say: “When will this promise come to pass, if you are truthful? *They await naught but a single cry that will seize them while they dispute among themselves, *They will not even be able to leave a will, nor will they be able to return to their families” (36: 48-50). Abū Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “The Hour will only be announced after the sun rises from where it sets ˹the West˺. When it rises thus, people will see it and they will all then Believe and that’s when: “… a soul’s Believing will be to no avail to it had it not Believed earlier or earned good in its Believing…” (6: 158). Verily, the Hour will be announced ˹suddenly˺ while two men are spreading a cloth between them; they would not be given time to finish their bargain or to fold the cloth. Verily, the Hour will be announced ˹suddenly˺ while a man is still carrying the milk he got from his she-camel but he will not be able to taste it. Verily, the Hour will be announced ˹suddenly˺ while a man is caring for his watering bowl, and he will not have the time to water ˹his herd˺ from it. Verily, the Hour will be announced ˹suddenly˺ while a person raises his morsel of food to his mouth but he will not be able to eat it” (al-Bukhārī: 6506, Muslim: 157).
