[454] The one whose Ally is none but the Almighty God Himself, is helped, supported and guided by Him. He enables that person to walk further and further on the surest road to certitude leaving behind the darkness of loss and breaking through the veils of doubts and vain desires (for which in the original Qur’anic Arabic the intensive plural ẓulumāt (lit. multiple darknesses) is applied. The light of Belief and certainty will become manifest to him, he will be given the empowering faculty of discernment, he will ever-elevate to the highest ranks of Belief, and his heart will see for real the Truth of things (cf. 47: 17). (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr, al-Shinqīṭī)
[455] The greatest ally of the misguided is none other than Satan himself. He will throw them into the bottomless pit of loss, draw them step by step into Denial and misguidedness until the clouds of darkness thicken around them to the extent that they will see nothing beyond, especially the light of Belief and its evident signs (cf. 4: 116-121, 24: 39-40). (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr)
[456] Ayas 258-260 give tangible examples of how God delivers the Believers from darkness into light (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). Such examples fall very much in line with this sura’s main theme: to establish firm Belief.
[457] He is said to be the Biblical King Nimrod.
[458] Such is the nature of despots when gone unchallenged for extended periods of time, they become so megalomaniac that they think that they are God Himself. The Qur’an also speaks of Pharaoh who said to his people: “I am your Lord, Most High” (79: 24).
[459] Citing his power over people’s fates and lives (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[460] God does not aid with His guidance those whose hearts are bent on Denial. Were they really in search of the Truth, God would surely have led them to the right path. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[461] The previous episode demonstrated God’s Lordship (Ulūhiyyah) but this and the next one show His ability to resurrect (baʿth) His creation as also prove that God alone is “the One Who gives life and causes death”. (Ibn ʿĀshūr)