Prijevod značenja časnog Kur'ana - Prijevod na engleski jezik: dr. Velid Blejheš Omeri. (još se radi na ovome)
وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَيُرِيدُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ أَن تَمِيلُواْ مَيۡلًا عَظِيمٗا
[837] Those who are ungodly try hard to make the Believers follow their path and relinquish that of God’s, so that they will stand on an equal, immoral, footing. So, disarm them of their moral authority to guide or berate them for their corruption (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمۡۚ وَخُلِقَ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنُ ضَعِيفٗا
[838] The ‘load’ is God’s commandments and prohibitions. Allowing hard-pressed Believers to marry bondage women is one such manifestation of how God lightens the load of Believers (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). The overall rule is that Allah, the All-Knowing Knows how weak humans are and: “has placed no hardship for you ˹Believers˺ in the religion”. (22: 78)
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَأۡكُلُوٓاْ أَمۡوَٰلَكُم بَيۡنَكُم بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً عَن تَرَاضٖ مِّنكُمۡۚ وَلَا تَقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمۡ رَحِيمٗا
[839] The matter of money, with which people secure their needs, and the way to obtaining it is mentioned here to show that those who are in pressing need, to get married for instance, can do so through legitimate means only, i.e. labour and trade, not by misappropriation or by shedding blood (cf. al-Tawḥīdī).
[840] Trade is based on mutual consent. This is why it is a lawful act. Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Trade has to be mutually agreed”. (Ibn Ḥibbān: 4967)
[841] Dot not annihilate your own souls (through suicide or extreme negligence) or those of others. God says: “Do not kill the soul that Allah has made sacrosanct, except having a right to”. (17: 33) ‘Yourselves’ entails all other Believers because whoever kills any of his brethren is killing himself—religious brotherhood makes them one and the same (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī).
وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٰلِكَ عُدۡوَٰنٗا وَظُلۡمٗا فَسَوۡفَ نُصۡلِيهِ نَارٗاۚ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرًا
[842] Usurping people’s money and killing them. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[843] This is a reminder that nothing is hard for God; He is Able over everything and none can escape His justice.
إِن تَجۡتَنِبُواْ كَبَآئِرَ مَا تُنۡهَوۡنَ عَنۡهُ نُكَفِّرۡ عَنكُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمۡ وَنُدۡخِلۡكُم مُّدۡخَلٗا كَرِيمٗا
[844] Paradise. (Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
وَلَا تَتَمَنَّوۡاْ مَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦ بَعۡضَكُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖۚ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٞ مِّمَّا ٱكۡتَسَبُواْۖ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٞ مِّمَّا ٱكۡتَسَبۡنَۚ وَسۡـَٔلُواْ ٱللَّهَ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٗا
[845] Believers are warned against envy and wishing for what others are favoured with just as much as they are warned against usurping others’ money and shedding their blood. This is an act of the heart (ʿamal al-qalb), with which one attains inner peace. Thus a real Believer’s outward actions become a truthful reflection of his inward thoughts. (al-Rāzī, al-Tawḥīdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr)
[846] The reason for revelation is as narrated by Ibn ʿAbbās (رضي الله عنهما): “A woman came to the Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) and said: “Prophet of Allah! A man gets twice the share of a woman ˹in inheritance˺. A man’s testimony equals that of two women ˹in a court of justice˺. Is it so that if a woman does a good deed, it will be considered a half of a good deed ˹ḥasanah˺?” Allah then revealed: “…to men belongs a share of what they earned and to women belongs a share of what they earned”.” (Cf. Ibn Abū Ḥātim; documented by al-Ḍiyā’ in al-Aḥādīth al-Mukhtārah and its chain of narrators was deemed authentic by Aḥmad Shākir in ʿUmdat al-Tafsīr). A person need not be eaten by worry and brooding over what he/she is missing out on. God, the Most Generous of all givers, keeps an immaculate register (20: 52) of a person’s good deeds for him/her, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant they are, and rewards him/her for them bountifully: “Whoever does a mote’s weight of good, he will come to see it”. (99: 7)
[847] This is a reminder and a call for people, particularly the less favoured, to get out of their shell of self remorse and meet the world armed with a sincere prayer and a heart full of hope and faith in God. One can open up the doors to God’s favours through supplicating to Him; asking Him earnestly and repeatedly for whatever one is hopeful of. It is conditional that the person who supplicates to God does so with good faith and firm belief that God will respond to him. Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Ask Allah while you firmly believe that He will respond to you. And know that Allah does not respond to an inattentive, wandering heart”. (al-Tirmidhī: 3479)
وَلِكُلّٖ جَعَلۡنَا مَوَٰلِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ٱلۡوَٰلِدَانِ وَٱلۡأَقۡرَبُونَۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ عَقَدَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ فَـَٔاتُوهُمۡ نَصِيبَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ شَهِيدًا
[848] This drives the message home that all those who are favoured with wealth already have their next of kin to inherit them, so none need harbour ill thoughts about receiving their share of wealth after relatives die (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[849] Literally, those with whom your right hands have ties; those with whom you have ḥilf, i.e. an alliance (cf. Ibn Qutaybah, Gharīb al-Qur’ān; Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah). Before Islam, the Arabs used to repeat the following mantra when they wanted to forge an alliance with someone: “Your blood is my blood, your destruction is my destruction, your revenge is my revenge, your war is my war, your peace is my peace, and you inherit me and I inherit you”. (Cf. al-Jazā’irī)
The majority of scholars are of the opinion that the ruling of this aya is abrogated by Aya 8: 75 (cf. Ibn al-Jawzī, Nawāsikh al-Qur’ān). Besides this, after the advent of Islam, alliances between any two parties which are not inclusive of the rest of the community are not permissible (cf. Muslim: 2530).
