የቅዱስ ቁርዓን ይዘት ትርጉም - የእንግሊዝኛ ትርጉም - በዶ/ር ወሊድ ብሊሂሽ አል-ዑመሪይ - ገና ያልተጠናቀቀ
وَأَلۡقَىٰ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَوَٰسِيَ أَن تَمِيدَ بِكُمۡ وَأَنۡهَٰرٗا وَسُبُلٗا لَّعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ
[3242] Alqā (to cast, throw) could mean that mountains were not originally created as part of the Earth but came in later (cf. Ibn ʿAṭiyyah). Also it could mean that because mountains, rivers and paths are complimentary to Earth, the verb alqā is used as if they were ‘thrown in’ later on (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[3243] Part of making Earth habitable is that its crust is maintained with stabilizing mountains (cf. al-Qurṭubī, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr): “And the Earth, We have spread, cast in it firmly-set ˹stabilizers˺ and grew in it everything in balance” (15: 19).
[3244] Rivers are placed on Earth to the benefit of humans in that they are like bloodlines made to run from one place to another covering great stretches of land spreading life along their banks; people drink from them along with their livestock, grow crops, and travel fore and aft (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Basīṭ, al-Qurṭubī): “Allah Who created the Heavens and Earth; sent water down from the sky and grew with it ˹all sorts of˺ produce as provisions for you; subjected to you vessels running in the sea with His command; and subjected rivers to you!” (14: 32).
[3245] Easy to go along paths are essential for human life and are also used for guidance and to get one’s bearings (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr).
وَعَلَٰمَٰتٖۚ وَبِٱلنَّجۡمِ هُمۡ يَهۡتَدُونَ
[3246] As much as using paths for directions, people are served with landmarks to find their way during the daytime and the stars to locate the direction at night (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Wasīṭ, al-Rāzī). God Almighty, the Most Merciful, would not leave His servants without guidance, either Heavenly or worldly.
أَفَمَن يَخۡلُقُ كَمَن لَّا يَخۡلُقُۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ
[3247] This is the natural conclusion that sound minds would cull from contemplating (Aya 11), heeding (Aya 12), reasoning (Aya 13) and thinking (Aya 17) about all these bountiful signs (cf. al-Rāzī); that far apart is the One True God Who is Able over creation and those false so-called gods that the Associators pray to besides Him: “They took besides Him deities who create nothing, but they ˹themselves˺ are created; nor do they own for themselves neither harm or benefit, nor do they own death, life nor resurrection!” (25: 3).
وَإِن تَعُدُّواْ نِعۡمَةَ ٱللَّهِ لَا تُحۡصُوهَآۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ
[3248] God Almighty’s favours on people are by no means limited to the one’s mentioned here (cf. al-Zamakhsharī). People can never count up all of God’s blessings on them, let alone be duly thankful for them; but God is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī). The mention of this fact here may serve two purposes: for those who Believe to be truly grateful to God Almighty for His many bounties on them and, thus, profusely thank Him for it all. It could also be taken to show how egregious the Denial of the Associators is, when they denied the favours of All-Bountiful God (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ مَا تُسِرُّونَ وَمَا تُعۡلِنُونَ
[3249] Since the Makkan Associators are implicated in all of that which preceded, i.e., are chastised for Associating with God Almighty and denying His infinite favours, they are being directly addressed here to warn them against their secret plotting to thwart the call of Faith (cf. al-Rāzī). Moreover, that God Almighty Knows their secrets and what they publicly disclose is yet another Sign of His limitless Ability; a far cry from the so-called gods they have set up beside Him, who themselves are but created! (Cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr, al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar.)
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ لَا يَخۡلُقُونَ شَيۡـٔٗا وَهُمۡ يُخۡلَقُونَ
[3250] This fact goes on to further underline the unworthiness of their deities and strip them of their feigned ‘godhood’. They are no more than the creation of their own worshippers who are themselves created by the One True God (cf. al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, Ibn ʿĀshūr)): “He said: “Do you worship that which you ˹yourselves˺ carve!”” (37: 95).
أَمۡوَٰتٌ غَيۡرُ أَحۡيَآءٖۖ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ أَيَّانَ يُبۡعَثُونَ
[3251] Even this most basic characteristic of whomever is to be thought of as ‘god’, that is life itself, is not possessed by their gods, who are no more than inanimate objects (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr).
[3252] Gods who are worthy of the name can at least know what the future holds for themselves as well as for their worshippers (cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar, al-Tafsīr al-Muḥarrar).
إِلَٰهُكُمۡ إِلَٰهٞ وَٰحِدٞۚ فَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ قُلُوبُهُم مُّنكِرَةٞ وَهُم مُّسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ
[3253] This is the reasonable conclusion reached after all these proofs and arguments (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). But the Deniers, who do not Believe in the Hereafter, or that they will be brought to account over their deeds, will disdainfully refuse to admit it (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn al-Jawzī, Abū Ḥayyān): “˹The Deniers said:˺ “Did he ˹their Messenger˺ turn all of the gods into a One God; this is truly an astonishing thing ˹to claim˺!”” (38: 5).
[3254] Their arrogance (takabbur) and snobbery (istikbār) is the real underlying reason why they deny God’s Signs, and rebut the Truth. Pride, vanity, conceit, vainglory and ego are but shields that stand between a person and their sound reason. They are diseases which are stashed up in the heart but no matter how hard a person tries to conceal them will inevitably show in their behaviour. Al-Qurṭubī reports that: “The sages agree that: ‘Every sin can be concealed and suppressed except arrogance. It is a transgression that necessitates announcement; it is the origin of all rebellion!’”
لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعۡلِنُونَۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُسۡتَكۡبِرِينَ
[3255] The fact already stated in Aya 19 above, but in general terms, is being vigorously asserted and reiterated here with its direct intendants being revealed. This constitutes a direct threat to the Associators (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar) that God Almighty, Who Knows all their secret and public deeds and beliefs, will hold them to exacting account over them (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Wasīṭ, al-Saʿdī). This is due to their arrogance and snobbishness (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar, Ibn ʿĀshūr): “Indeed they have become too proud of themselves and excessively insolent!” (25: 21).
وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُم مَّاذَآ أَنزَلَ رَبُّكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ
[3256] “And when Our Signs are recited to them, they say: “We have listened! Had we wished, we would have come up with something like this; this is nothing but merely ˹a retelling of the˺ scribbles of the ancients!”” (8: 31).
لِيَحۡمِلُوٓاْ أَوۡزَارَهُمۡ كَامِلَةٗ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ وَمِنۡ أَوۡزَارِ ٱلَّذِينَ يُضِلُّونَهُم بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٍۗ أَلَا سَآءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ
[3257] Their plotting involved, among other things, driving people away from the Call of Faith (c.f. Ibn ʿĀshūr). Abū Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Whoever calls to guidance will have a reward in equal measure to that of whoever follows him; none of their reward will be subtracted. Whoever calls to misguidance will incur as much of ˹burdensome˺ sin as that of whoever follows him; none of their ˹burdensome˺ sins will be subtracted” (Muslim: 2674).
[3258] “Losers indeed are those who deny the meeting of Allah, until when the Hour comes upon them all of a sudden, they would say: “Woe be us for wasting it ˹our lives˺!” They would carry their ˹burdensome˺ sins over their backs—sordid indeed is what they carry!” (6: 31).
قَدۡ مَكَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ فَأَتَى ٱللَّهُ بُنۡيَٰنَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡقَوَاعِدِ فَخَرَّ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلسَّقۡفُ مِن فَوۡقِهِمۡ وَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ
[3259] Their plotting will only have them meet the inauspicious fate of those who came before them. Their plotting will come to nothing and collapse (cf. al-Shawkānī, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[3260] This ‘building’ is taken to mean both a real (as the ones built by earlier nations) and an allegorical one (cf. Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). God will, while they are absolutely unaware of it, come to their structure of deceits and lies, undermine its foundations to topple it, sending the roof, which they thought their protection, tumbling down over their heads: “They plotted some plot and We planned some plan, while they perceived not. *Behold then what the consequence of their plot was; We ˹utterly˺ destroyed them and their people all together” (27: 50-51).
