[7]- These are among the fourteen opening letters which occur in various combinations at the beginning of twenty-nine sūrahs in the Qur’ān. Although there has been much speculation as to their meaning, it was not, in fact, revealed by Allāh to anyone and is known only to Him.
[8]- Literally, "those who have taqwā," i.e., who have piety, righteousness, fear and love of Allāh, and who take great care to avoid His displeasure.
[9]- At its proper times and according to its specified conditions.
[10]- It is to be noted that the reference of Allāh (Subḥānahu wa taʿālā) to Himself as "We" in many Qur’ānic verses is necessarily understood in the Arabic language to denote grandeur and power, as opposed to the more intimate singular form "I" used in specific instances.