భావార్ధాల అనువాదం సూరహ్ అన్-నిసా - ఇంగ్లీషు అనువాదం - డా. వలీద్ బలీహష్ అల్ ఉమ్రి - అనువాదం జరుగుతున్నది. - పేజీ నెంబరు 93 - పవిత్ర ఖుర్ఆన్ యొక్క ఎన్సైక్లోపీడియా

92 : 4

وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤۡمِنٍ أَن يَقۡتُلَ مُؤۡمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـٔٗاۚ وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤۡمِنًا خَطَـٔٗا فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖ وَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُواْۚ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمٍ عَدُوّٖ لَّكُمۡ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٞ فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞ فَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ وَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ فَمَن لَّمۡ يَجِدۡ فَصِيَامُ شَهۡرَيۡنِ مُتَتَابِعَيۡنِ تَوۡبَةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا

(92) ^[945]A Believer may never kill a ˹fellow˺ Believer, except by mistake^[946]. Whoever kills a Believer by mistake, then ˹the onus on him is˺ manumitting a Believing slave and handing over blood money to his family, unless they forgo it as an act of charity. If he ˹the deceased˺ belongs to a people who are your enemies^[947] – yet he was a Believer – then ˹the onus on the killer is˺ manumitting a Believing slave. But if he belongs to a people with whom you have a ˹peace˺ pact, then ˹the onus on him is˺ handing over blood money to his fellows and manumitting a Believing slave. Whoever cannot find ˹a means to manumitting a Believing slave˺^[948] then ˹the onus on him is˺ fasting two consecutive months, as a penance from Allah—verily Allah is All-Knowing, Most Wise.

[945] Whereas the previous ayas deal with scenarios in which killing those who only pretend to be Faithful is allowed and under what circumstances, Ayas 92-94 turn to set the boundaries for killing a Believer, inadvertently or otherwise. Since He (سبحانه وتعالى) prescribed fighting for the Believing community, God spells out the protocols of engaging in fights that could lead to loss of life; what is allowed, under what conditions and what is not (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr, Riḍā).
[946] Inadvertent manslaughter.
[947] Kuffār ḥarbiyyah, i.e. warring, hostile Deniers. They are not to be given blood money because the deceased in actuality belongs more to the Believing community than to these, and lest they use the money as a resource for fighting Believers. However, in honour of the pledge, and knowing that the money would not be used against Believers, if the person killed is from a side with which Believers have a peace treaty (muʿāhadūn), they are to be given the blood money as will be said shortly (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[948] This covers a situation when the killer cannot find a Believing slave or raise the necessary funds to free one. He is to fast every day of these two months without a break; this is a punishment for not being cautious enough (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).

93 : 4

وَمَن يَقۡتُلۡ مُؤۡمِنٗا مُّتَعَمِّدٗا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدٗا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمٗا

(93) Whoever kills a Believer intentionally, then his punishment is Hellfire, forever he abides therein^[949]; Allah is Wrathful with him, Damns him and prepares for him mighty Punishment.

[949] Khālidan (residing forever) here is said to mean for an indefinitely extended period of time. None who has the least amount of Īmān (Faith) in his heart will reside in Hellfire forever (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī). God forgives all sins except that He is Associated with in worship (4: 48).

94 : 4

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَنۡ أَلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَٰمَ لَسۡتَ مُؤۡمِنٗا تَبۡتَغُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَعِندَ ٱللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٞۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبۡلُ فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَتَبَيَّنُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا

(94) You who Believe, when you set about ˹the land fighting˺ in the path of Allah be sure and say not to any who offers you peace^[950]: “You are not a Believer!” hoping for fleeting worldly gains^[951], but with Allah are plentiful windfalls. Thus you ˹yourselves˺ were before Allah favoured you^[952], so be sure—indeed Allah is fully aware of what you do.

[950] This is a person who withholds from fighting and declares that he is a Believer (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Muyassar). al-Rāzī says: “Exegetes are unanimous that this aya was revealed with regards to a group of Believers who met some people who declared themselves Muslim. They killed them claiming that they only declared Faith out of fear and to ward off death”.
[951] The spoils of war in this case.
[952] God reminds the Believers, now a strong community capable of asserting its presence in the face of belligerence, of how they themselves were when they used to hide their Faith amidst hostile Denying communities (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).