Ibisobanuro by'amagambo Isura A Nahlu - Ibisobanuro bya Qur'an mu rurimi rw'icyongereza - Dr Waleed Bleyhesh Omary - Biracyasobanurwa. - numero y'urupapuro 270 - ububiko bwa qor'an yejejwe

27 : 16

ثُمَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ يُخۡزِيهِمۡ وَيَقُولُ أَيۡنَ شُرَكَآءِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُنتُمۡ تُشَٰٓقُّونَ فِيهِمۡۚ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ إِنَّ ٱلۡخِزۡيَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ وَٱلسُّوٓءَ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ

(27) Then on the Day of Judegment, He disgraces^[3261] them and says: “Where are My Associates whom you used to pit yourselves ˹against the Prophets and Believers^[3262]˺ for their sake?” The ones who were given knowledge ˹then˺^[3263] said: “Verily disgrace and evil are today on the Deniers;”

[3261] al-Khizy is disgrace tinged with humiliation and shameful exposure (cf. al-Samīn al-Ḥalabī, ʿUmdat al-Ḥuffāẓ). “Disgrace” is a most befitting punishment for arrogance as it kills its substance (cf. al-Shaʿrāwī). God Almighty will disgrace them on the Day of Judgement by exposing, before all, what they used to hide (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[3262] Cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar, al-Tafsīr al-Muḥarrar.
[3263] Exegetes are of different opinions as to who “the ones who were given knowledge” exactly are. Ibn ʿAṭiyyah has it that these are those to whom God has given knowledge, humans, angels, etc., and are witness to this event. While Ibn ʿĀshūr sees them to be the ones given knowledge of the Truth among the Messengers, Prophets and the Believers. However, they are mostly agreed to be the godly scholars (al-ʿulamā’ al-rabbāniyyūn) (cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar, al-Tafsīr al-Muḥarrar). al-Saʿdī says: “This is how meritorious are the knowledgeable who speak out the Truth in this life and in the Hereafter; they have their well-considered opinion before Allah and before His creation!”

28 : 16

ٱلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ ظَالِمِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡۖ فَأَلۡقَوُاْ ٱلسَّلَمَ مَا كُنَّا نَعۡمَلُ مِن سُوٓءِۭۚ بَلَىٰٓۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ

(28) whom the angels take their lives, being unjust to themselves! They then conceded defeat ˹and said˺: “We did not do any evil!”” Nay, but Allah is fully aware of what you used to do!

29 : 16

فَٱدۡخُلُوٓاْ أَبۡوَٰبَ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۖ فَلَبِئۡسَ مَثۡوَى ٱلۡمُتَكَبِّرِينَ

(29) Enter you then the gates of Hell; forever you abide therein—miserable indeed is the domicile of the arrogant!

30 : 16

۞ وَقِيلَ لِلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوۡاْ مَاذَآ أَنزَلَ رَبُّكُمۡۚ قَالُواْ خَيۡرٗاۗ لِّلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا حَسَنَةٞۚ وَلَدَارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ خَيۡرٞۚ وَلَنِعۡمَ دَارُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ

(30) ^[3264]And it is said to those who had been Mindful: “What has your Lord sent down?” They said: “What is ˹abundantly˺ good!”^[3265] For those who do well^[3266] in the worldly life is a comely ˹reward˺. Yet the Abode of the Hereafter is ˹even˺ better^[3267]—admirable indeed is the Abode of the Mindful!

[3264] The fate of the arrogant, who denied the Truth and pitted themselves against it, is totally different from that of the Mindful, who embraced the Truth, willingly submitted themselves to it and translated it into their daily lives and actions (cf. al-Saʿdī).
[3265] As opposed to the reply of the Deniers whom when asked about the Qur’an that God Almighty sent down to His Messenger would disdainfully say: “Scribbles of the ancients”, the Believers’ reply was always truthful: “What is abundantly good”. A ‘good’ that is a mercy, advantageous, and a beam of light to those who come to Believe in it and follow it (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[3266] Those who do well (aḥsanū) in their worship and do good to other servants of God, will have the comely reward (ḥasanah) of leading a good, plentiful and satisfying life in this world (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī, Ibn ʿĀshūr): “And that you should seek your Lord’s forgiveness and thereafter repent to Him; ˹may˺ He make you enjoy pleasurably until a stated term and grant every good doer ˹the reward of ˺ his good doing!” (11: 3)
[3267] The ever-lasting abode of the Hereafter is way better than that of this mayfly life (cf. al-Tafsīr al-Muḥarrar).

31 : 16

جَنَّٰتُ عَدۡنٖ يَدۡخُلُونَهَا تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۖ لَهُمۡ فِيهَا مَا يَشَآءُونَۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَجۡزِي ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ

(31) Gardens of Eternity^[3268] they enter; under which rivers flow. For them therein whatever they wish for^[3269]—thus Allah rewards the well-doers.

[3268] Jannātu ʿAdn (lit. Gardens of Eternal Residence) (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Sijistānī, Gharīb al-Qur’ān, Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah, al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt). Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “In the Gardens of Eternity, ˹there are˺ two gardens their utensils and all that is there is made of sliver; ˹and another˺ two gardens their utensils and all that is there is made of gold. Nothing separates its dwellers from seeing their Lord except the Mantle of Loftiness on His Face” (al-Bukhārī: 4878, Muslim: 180).
[3269] Very much unlike this worldly life, the dwellers of Paradise can have it all (cf. al-Rāzī).

32 : 16

ٱلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ يَقُولُونَ سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ

(32) ^[3270]Those whom the angels take their lives, being ˹full of˺ good^[3271]. They say: “Peace be upon you! Enter Paradise for what you used do!”^[3272]

[3270] This is another comparison that distinguishes between the Mindful, who, even at the time of their deaths, are “full of good”, and the arrogant who, even at the time of their deaths, are “unjust to themselves” (Aya 28 above) (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar).
[3271] They are ṭayyibūna (full of good) in that they are purified from Associations, sins and all that dents their Faith (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Shinqīṭī, Aḍwā’ al-Bayān).
[3272] “And those who had been Mindful of their Lord will be led towards Paradise in throngs and when they come upon it, its gates open, and its keepers will say to them: “Peace be upon you! Good you are; so enter it to abide eternally therein!” *They will say: “˹All˺ Gratitude be to Allah, Who has fulfilled His Promise to us and made us inherit the land ˹so˺ we may settle in Paradise wherever we will—how excellent is the reward of ˹righteous˺ workers!”” (39: 73-74).

33 : 16

هَلۡ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّآ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ أَمۡرُ رَبِّكَۚ كَذَٰلِكَ فَعَلَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ

(33) ^[3273]Do they ˹the Associators˺ expect ˹nothing˺ but that the angels come upon them^[3274], or that your Lord’s Command^[3275] comes! Like so did those who came before them do^[3276]—Allah did not wrong them but they used to wrong themselves.

[3273] This urgent yet obscure threat relates to and sheds light on the opening aya of this sura, where they are told that God’s Command “has come”.
[3274] To take their souls while they are “being unjust to themselves” (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[3275] “Your Lord’s Command” (amru Rabbika) could mean the Command of their punishment in this worldly life (cf. Muqātil, al-Wāḥidī, al-Rāzī, al-Qurṭubī, Abū al-Suʿūd, Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[3276] They persisted in their Denial and went too far with their Association until they met their demise (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr). “Indeed, Messengers before you were ridiculed, but those who used to ridicule them got hit by what they ridiculed. *Say ˹Muhammad˺: “Travel the land and look what was the fate of the Deniers”” (6: 10-11).

34 : 16

فَأَصَابَهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا عَمِلُواْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ

(34) The evils of what they did befell them and they got hit by what they used to ridicule^[3277].

[3277] “Indeed, Messengers before you ˹Muhammad˺ were ridiculed, and I allowed the Deniers time then I took them; how was then My Punishment!” (13: 32).