Reikšmių vertimas Sūra An-Nachl - Vertimas į anglų k. – Dr. Valid Bleiheš Omari - vykdomas - Puslapio numeris 280 - Kilniojo Korano enciklopedija

111 : 16

۞ يَوۡمَ تَأۡتِي كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ تُجَٰدِلُ عَن نَّفۡسِهَا وَتُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا عَمِلَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ

(111) On the Day^[3446] when every soul comes arguing for itself and every soul is given the full measure of ˹its˺ deeds; they shall not be dealt ˹with˺ unjustly!

[3446] The Day of Judgement, when justice is meted out in full measure (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).

112 : 16

وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلٗا قَرۡيَةٗ كَانَتۡ ءَامِنَةٗ مُّطۡمَئِنَّةٗ يَأۡتِيهَا رِزۡقُهَا رَغَدٗا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٖ فَكَفَرَتۡ بِأَنۡعُمِ ٱللَّهِ فَأَذَٰقَهَا ٱللَّهُ لِبَاسَ ٱلۡجُوعِ وَٱلۡخَوۡفِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ

(112) ^[3447]Allah poses as example a village^[3448] that was secure and assured ˹with˺ its provision coming plentifully from everywhere, then it denied Allah’s favours^[3449] so Allah made it taste the overcast of hunger and fear^[3450] for what they were used to doing.

[3447] This is a direct warning to the Makkans; they are being warned against Divine punishment in this worldly life as much as they have just been warned against the one in the Hereafter (cf. al-Rāzī, Ibn ʿĀshūr). As much as deeds are accounted for in the Hereafter they are like so in this life (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar).
[3448] Exegetes are of different opinions as to which exactly was the qaryah (village/town) pointed to here. Although some see it as Makkah itself (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Wāḥidī, al-Jawzī, al-Shinqīṭī), others deem it as an unidentified town, posed hypothetically as such for the Makkans, where the people enjoyed a lush life (cf. al-Rāzī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Shawkānī). The town is not named because the description given is enough to get the message across (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).
[3449] The use of jamʿ qillah (plural of small quantity/fewness) from anʿum could be interpreted here to highlight that deriding God’s most precious favours will bring about His Punishment, no matter what the derision consists of (cf. al-Rāzī, Abū Ḥayyān, al-Shirbīnī).
[3450] Libāsa al-jūʿ wa l-khawf (lit. the garment of hunger and fear) strikes an imagery of people who are overcast and overcome with fear and hunger (cf. al-Zamakhsharī, Abū Ḥayyān, Abū al-Suʿūd). They have become ghastly, pale, and deplorable; this after the lush life they used to bask in because of their ardent Denial (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
ʿAbdullāh Ibn Masʿūd (رضي الله عنه) narrated: “The Quraysh overwhelmed the Prophet (ﷺ) and rebelled against him, and he said: “O Allah, help me against them with seven parched years like those of ˹Prophet˺ Yūsuf ˹Joseph˺!” They were then hit with drought and out of ruination they ate bones and carcasses. One of them would see the like of smoke between him and the sky out of wasting hunger!” (Cf. al-Bukhārī: 4822; Muslim: 2798)

113 : 16

وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَهُمۡ رَسُولٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ وَهُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ

(113) Indeed there had come to them a Messenger of their own^[3451] but they declared him a liar so the Punishment betook them for they were unjust.

[3451] Their rebelliousness was totally unjustified as they very intimately knew the Messenger that came to them, and knew how sincere he was (cf. al-Wāḥidī, al-Wasīṭ, al-Bayḍāwī): “There has come to you a Messenger from your own, on whom your adversity is hard, ˹deeply˺ concerned for you and compassionate and merciful to the Believers” (9: 128).

114 : 16

فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗا وَٱشۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ إِيَّاهُ تَعۡبُدُونَ

(114) ^[3452]Eat of what Allah provided for you, that is lawful and good, and be thankful for Allah’s favour; if only you do ˹truly˺ worship Him.

[3452] In order to avoid such a ghastly fate, people need to be grateful to the All-Bountiful God and devote their worship to Him (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr).

115 : 16

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَيۡتَةَ وَٱلدَّمَ وَلَحۡمَ ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦۖ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ غَيۡرَ بَاغٖ وَلَا عَادٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ

(115) ^[3453]Indeed He ˹Allah˺ made unlawful for you but carrion, blood^[3454], swine flesh, and what was intended ˹as sacrifice˺ for others besides Allah; ˹yet˺ whoever is forced ˹by necessity˺ – neither transgressing^[3455] nor going to excess^[3456] – then certainly Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

[3453] Indeed the All-Merciful God, Who is solely worthy of worship, bids nothing but good and means His servants no hardship: “He has chosen you and has not laid upon you any hardship in religion!” (22: 78). What He made lawful fades in comparison to what He forbade, which way outweighs it (cf. al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar): “Say ˹Muhammad˺: “I find none in what is revealed to me forbidden for any eater to eat thereof, except it being carrion, flowing blood, swine flesh then it is a defilement, or ˹further˺ an act of contravention intended ˹as sacrifice˺ for others besides Allah” (6: 145).
[3454] What is unlawful is flowing blood but not the blood captured in vessels after slaughter, cf. 6: 145. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī, al-Shinqīṭī)
[3455] By eating any of these without being in such a circumstance where one is hard pressed into it (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī).
[3456] Even in pressing circumstances, eating more than what is absolutely necessary (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Saʿdī).

116 : 16

وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَا تَصِفُ أَلۡسِنَتُكُمُ ٱلۡكَذِبَ هَٰذَا حَلَٰلٞ وَهَٰذَا حَرَامٞ لِّتَفۡتَرُواْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَفۡتَرُونَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَ لَا يُفۡلِحُونَ

(116) ^[3457]Do not say to what your tongues describe^[3458], the falsity: “This is lawful and this is unlawful!” As such you fabricate lies against Allah. Verily those who fabricate lies against Allah will never succeed.

[3457] The Qurayshites were so deviated from the right path that they set their own bogus laws out of sheer fancy (cf. al-Rāzī): “They also said: “These are prohibited livestock and crops which are only to be consumed by those whom we wish” – so they claimed – ˹other˺ livestock the backs of which were made forbidden, and ˹some˺ livestock over which they do not mention Allah’s Name, ascribing this falsely to Him; He will requite them for what they used to concoct. *They also said: “Whatever is in the bellies of these livestock ˹if alive˺ is reserved exclusively for our males and is forbidden to our ˹female˺ mates”. But if it is ˹born˺ dead then it is shared with them; He will requite them for their designation—verily He is Most Wise, All-Knowing” (6: 138-139); “Say ˹Muhammad˺: “Would you ˹not˺ consider what Allah sent down to you as provision and you divided it into ˹some˺ lawful and ˹some˺ unlawful; say: did Allah give you permission ˹for this˺ or do you fabricate falsities against Allah?” *What do those who fabricate lies against Allah think ˹of their fate˺ on the Day of Judgement! Indeed Allah is bountiful to people, but most of them are thankless” (10: 59-60).
[3458] Waṣf (description) is often used in the Qur’an to denote lying (cf. al-Samīn al-Ḥalabī, ʿUmdat al-Ḥuffāẓ, 4: 317).

117 : 16

مَتَٰعٞ قَلِيلٞ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ

(117) ˹For them is but˺ A passing enjoyment, and theirs is a painful Punishment.

118 : 16

وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ حَرَّمۡنَا مَا قَصَصۡنَا عَلَيۡكَ مِن قَبۡلُۖ وَمَا ظَلَمۡنَٰهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ

(118) ^[3459]And for those of Jewish faith, We prohibited what We narrated to you ˹Muhammad˺ before; We did not do them injustice, but they were unjust to themselves.

[3459] The ones who rebel against God’s laws will surely fall into hardship, thus they are warned (cf. Ibn ʿĀshūr). God intends no one hardship, but people do transgress and go to extremes and, thus, are punished (cf. Ibn Kathīr): “And for those of Jewish faith, We prohibited all animals of nails, and from cattle, sheep and goats We prohibited for them their fat except what their backs hold or the entrails or what mixes with bone; that We imposed on them for their transgression—Indeed We are all but Truthful” (6: 146).