ការបកប្រែអត្ថន័យ ជំពូក​ អ៊ីព្រហ៊ីម - ការបកប្រែជាភាសាអង់គ្លេស - បណ្ឌិត វ៉ាលីទព្លីហាស្ហ អូម៉ើរី - កំពុងដំណើរការលើវា - លេខ​ទំព័រ 257 - សព្វវចនាធិប្បាយនៃគម្ពីគួរអាន

11 : 14

قَالَتۡ لَهُمۡ رُسُلُهُمۡ إِن نَّحۡنُ إِلَّا بَشَرٞ مِّثۡلُكُمۡ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَمُنُّ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۖ وَمَا كَانَ لَنَآ أَن نَّأۡتِيَكُم بِسُلۡطَٰنٍ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ

(11) Their Messengers said to them: “We are indeed but humans like yourselves but Allah bestows Favour on whoever He wishes among His servants^[2987]. It is not for us to bring you evident authority except by Allah’s permission!^[2988] In Allah let the Believers put their trust”.

[2987] That is with the great favour of Prophethood and/or Messengership (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[2988] This, out of piety, draws a line under the limits of a Messenger’s mandate (cf. Abū Ḥayyān).

12 : 14

وَمَا لَنَآ أَلَّا نَتَوَكَّلَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وَقَدۡ هَدَىٰنَا سُبُلَنَاۚ وَلَنَصۡبِرَنَّ عَلَىٰ مَآ ءَاذَيۡتُمُونَاۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُتَوَكِّلُونَ

(12) ˹But˺ Why would we not put our trust in Allah, when He guided us to our ˹right˺ paths. We shall surely endure your harming us patiently. In Allah let those who trust put their trust!”^[2989]

[2989] Here is a direct, assuring message to the Believers who were going through very difficult times at this juncture.

13 : 14

وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لِرُسُلِهِمۡ لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكُم مِّنۡ أَرۡضِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۖ فَأَوۡحَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ لَنُهۡلِكَنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

(13) ^[2990]And those who Denied then said to their Messengers: “We shall expel you from our land or you shall revert to our way of life!”^[2991] Their Lord then revealed to them: “We shall surely destroy the unjust^[2992];

[2990] In Ibn ʿĀshūr’s considered opinion, given the change of the direction of discourse from the absent to the present, speech here strongly implicates the Qurayshites and reflects on the situation at hand. By the same token, the closing statement of the previous passage directs the Believers to reflect on their state at that time and follow the suit of those past role models and be heartened by them; they were facing the worst persecution campaign that the Qurayshites had ever mounted.
[2991] The Truth just did not settle well with them; they just wanted it gone: “The notables among his people who waxed arrogant said: “We shall expel you, Shuʿayb, and those who Believed with you from our town or you shall revert back to our way of life!” (7: 88)
[2992] Note that al-ẓālimūn (lit. the unjust ones) is repeated seven times in this sura in addition to another instance where the Deniers are spoken of as the ones who did themselves injustice. It is particularly significant here as it is the time of revelation when Believers were fiercely prosecuted by ‘headstrong tyrants’.

14 : 14

وَلَنُسۡكِنَنَّكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡۚ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنۡ خَافَ مَقَامِي وَخَافَ وَعِيدِ

(14) and We shall surely make you dwell in the land after them^[2993]—that for whoever fears My Standing^[2994] and fears My cautioning!”

[2993] “Mūsā said to his people: “Seek help in Allah and be steadfast. Indeed the land is for Allah, He bequeaths it to whom He wills among His servants; the final round is for the Mindful. *They said: “We suffered harm before you came to us and ˹now˺ after you came to us”. He said: “Hopefully your Lord may well destroy your enemy and make you successors to the land, so that He sees how you fare”” (7: 128-129).
[2994] Maqāmī (lit. My Standing) is agreed by exegetes (cf. al-Samʿānī) to mean the standing before God Almighty on the Day of Judgement (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr). al-Shawkānī opines that it means: “My Standing and watch over him”. al-Rāzī lists other meanings.

15 : 14

وَٱسۡتَفۡتَحُواْ وَخَابَ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٖ

(15) They sought out a breakthrough^[2995] ˹from Allah˺, and ˹so˺ let down was every headstrong tyrant;

[2995] Istaftaḥū, translated here as: ‘they sought out a breakthrough’, means they prayed to God Almighty for al-fatḥ, i.e., victory (cf. Ibn Qutaybah, Gharīb al-Qur’ān, Ibn Fāris, Maqāyīs al-Lughah, al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, Ibn ʿĀshūr).

16 : 14

مِّن وَرَآئِهِۦ جَهَنَّمُ وَيُسۡقَىٰ مِن مَّآءٖ صَدِيدٖ

(16) Hell awaits him and he is given water of pus!^[2996]

[2996] This sura, as in this aya, depicts a truly horrid picture of Hell. Realistic and repulsive imagery deliver a vivid picture that appeals to imagination more than any general, abstract language could. It makes a direct impression on the mind and heart, resulting in a ‘visualization’ of the consequences of one’s evil actions. What the evildoers will come to experience after resurrection and reckoning is well and truly ‘out of this world’; a humiliating and painful ordeal that affects all the senses: visual, tactile and gustatory. A stark ‘cautioning’ indeed against their wrongful course of action.

17 : 14

يَتَجَرَّعُهُۥ وَلَا يَكَادُ يُسِيغُهُۥ وَيَأۡتِيهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ مِن كُلِّ مَكَانٖ وَمَا هُوَ بِمَيِّتٖۖ وَمِن وَرَآئِهِۦ عَذَابٌ غَلِيظٞ

(17) He sups it and can hardly gulp it ˹down˺; death comes to him from everywhere and never is he to die^[2997], and yet ˹more˺ harsh Punishment awaits him!

[2997] “As for those who Denied, theirs is the Fire of Hell; ˹where˺ there will be no decree so that they may die, nor will its Punishment be lightened for them; this is how We requite every resolute Denier!” (35: 36)

18 : 14

مَّثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِرَبِّهِمۡۖ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ كَرَمَادٍ ٱشۡتَدَّتۡ بِهِ ٱلرِّيحُ فِي يَوۡمٍ عَاصِفٖۖ لَّا يَقۡدِرُونَ مِمَّا كَسَبُواْ عَلَىٰ شَيۡءٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلضَّلَٰلُ ٱلۡبَعِيدُ

(18) ^[2998]The example of those who Denied their Lord: their deeds^[2999] are like ashes which the wind fiercely blows away on a gusty day; they can capture naught of what they earned—that indeed is misguidedness, far-off!^[3000]

[2998] Whatever good deeds they do in this life will not spare them from this ghastly torment (cf. al-Rāzī, al-Biqāʿī, Naẓm al-Durar). The imagery being drawn here of the utter loss of their deeds is the absolute picture of desperation (cf. al-Rāzī).
[2999] These are their good deeds of which they are hopeful (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Qurṭubī, Ibn Kathīr, Ibn ʿĀshūr, al-Shinqīṭī, al-Tafsīr al-Muyassar).
[3000] Their deeds were not based on solid ground nor were they on a straight path but were rather far astray from it (cf. al-Ṭabarī, al-Zamakhsharī, Ibn Kathīr); a losing deal indeed (cf. Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmūʿ al-Fatāwā, 8: 165).