対訳 章 トン二サーア - 英語対訳 - Dr. Waleed Bleyhesh Omary - 作業中 - ページ番号 89 - クルアーン百科事典

66 : 4

وَلَوۡ أَنَّا كَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَنِ ٱقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ أَوِ ٱخۡرُجُواْ مِن دِيَٰرِكُم مَّا فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ أَنَّهُمۡ فَعَلُواْ مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِۦ لَكَانَ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۡ وَأَشَدَّ تَثۡبِيتٗا

(66) Had We ordained they kill themselves or abandon their lands, they would ˹surely˺ not have done so; except for a few of them^[909]. But should they do what they are commanded to, it would be better for them and a stronger confirmation ˹of their Faith˺^[910].

[909] God, who would not charge a soul with more than it can bear (2: 286), is not tasking them with an augean task such as killing themselves or deserting their homes to test their Faith. Rather, He is asking them to perform a much simpler act of obedience, whereby they resort to the judgement of the Messenger (ﷺ), which is very crucial to affirming his leadership of the community and to their unequivocal approval of it. Yet their Faith is so shaky that they cannot find it in themselves to follow the ordainments of God, no matter or how unburdening they are how much is at stake.
[910] The result of obedience is increase in Faith: Faith (Īmān) increases with obedience and decreases with rebelliousness (cf. al-Jazā’irī).

67 : 4

وَإِذٗا لَّأٓتَيۡنَٰهُم مِّن لَّدُنَّآ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا

(67) Then We would have given them a great reward from Our own;

68 : 4

وَلَهَدَيۡنَٰهُمۡ صِرَٰطٗا مُّسۡتَقِيمٗا

(68) and would have guided them to a Straight Path.

69 : 4

وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ وَٱلصِّدِّيقِينَ وَٱلشُّهَدَآءِ وَٱلصَّٰلِحِينَۚ وَحَسُنَ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ رَفِيقٗا

(69) Whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger, then those are among the ones on whom Allah has bestowed His Grace—of the Prophets, the Affirmers of Truth, the martyrs and the pious^[911]—indeed the companion of these is well off.

[911] al-Ṣiddiqīn (the Affirmers of the Truth) are those whose truthfulness and affirmation of Truth are no less than perfect; they realized the Truth and confirmed it with certitude in their hearts, stuck to it and embodied it with their words and actions. al-Shuhadā’ (the martyrs) are those killed in the path of God to make His word stand above everything else. al-Ṣāliḥīn (the pious) are those whose outward actions are a truthful manifestation of their inner Truth (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
When reciting al-Fātiḥah, the opening sura of the Qur’an, in every unit (rakʿah) of their five mandatory daily Prayers, Believers are asking God Almighty to lead them to the way of these on whom He bestowed His Grace. ʿĀ’ishah (i) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Never was there a Prophet who falls ˹terminally˺ ill without him given the choice to ˹either be healed and given more time in˺ this worldly life or ˹taken by death to˺ the Hereafter”. “During the illness from which he passed away, he (ﷺ) suffered severe hoarseness and I heard him say: “…among the ones on whom Allah has bestowed His Grace—of the Prophets, the Affirmers of Truth, the martyrs and the pious”. I knew then that he had been given the choice ˹between life and death˺”. (al-Bukhārī: 4586)

70 : 4

ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَضۡلُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ عَلِيمٗا

(70) That is the Favour^[912] of Allah—sufficient is Allah ˹indeed˺ as All-Knower.

[912] The rewards of obeying God and His Messenger (ﷺ) are plentiful both in this worldly life and in the Hereafter, not least being raised to the lofty status of Prophets and their worthy companions in Paradise. The virtue of obedience is all too obvious for a community in the making.

71 : 4

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ خُذُواْ حِذۡرَكُمۡ فَٱنفِرُواْ ثُبَاتٍ أَوِ ٱنفِرُواْ جَمِيعٗا

(71) ^[913]You who Believe take your ˹necessary˺ precautions and charge forward in ˹separate˺ groups or as a whole.

[913] The command to rebel against one’s lethargy, prevail over one’s self and engage in the ultimate act of heroism of fighting in the cause of God, the toughest of all commands, which could lead to loss of life and martyrdom, comes just after the ayas that detail the advantages and rewards of obeying the commands of God and His Messenger (ﷺ) (cf. al-Tawḥīdī, al-Rāzī).

72 : 4

وَإِنَّ مِنكُمۡ لَمَن لَّيُبَطِّئَنَّ فَإِنۡ أَصَٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٞ قَالَ قَدۡ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيَّ إِذۡ لَمۡ أَكُن مَّعَهُمۡ شَهِيدٗا

(72) ˹And know that˺ Indeed among you will be those^[914] who drag their feet^[915] and when a disaster strikes you^[916], he says: “Allah has blessed me that I was not there with them”.

[914] The hypocrites. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr)
[915] Yubaṭṭi’anna because of a hidden object (al-mafʿūl al–mustatir) entails both slowing down one’s own pace as well as encouraging others to do the same. (al-Iṣfahānī, al-Mufradāt; al-Kafawī, al-Kulliyāt)
[916] Being defeated or killed by your enemies. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr)

73 : 4

وَلَئِنۡ أَصَٰبَكُمۡ فَضۡلٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن لَّمۡ تَكُنۢ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُۥ مَوَدَّةٞ يَٰلَيۡتَنِي كُنتُ مَعَهُمۡ فَأَفُوزَ فَوۡزًا عَظِيمٗا

(73) But should a favour^[917] from Allah come your way, he – as if there is no affection between you!^[918] – would certainly say: “Alas, had I been with them I would have won a great deal!”

[917] Winning victory over your enemies. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[918] Mawaddah (affection) comes as a result of a sense of belonging to a group. In such a scenario, the insincere will speak from their hearts and reveal their innermost thoughts in spite of the outwardly ‘affectionate’ relationship that binds them with Believers. All pretence of affection wonderously abandons them in that moment of truth (cf. al-Zamahksharī, al-Baiḍāwī).

74 : 4

۞ فَلۡيُقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَشۡرُونَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَمَن يُقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَيُقۡتَلۡ أَوۡ يَغۡلِبۡ فَسَوۡفَ نُؤۡتِيهِ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا

(74) Let those who trade this worldly life for the Hereafter fight in the path of Allah. Whoever fights in the path of Allah and is killed or attains victory We will reward him greatly^[919].

[919] Whatever the result of the fight might be, given that the sincere in heart strove in the cause of God, whether they won or lost, they will surely be handsomely rewarded.