ترجمة معاني سورة البقرة - الترجمة الإنجليزية - د. وليد بليهش العمري - جارٍ العمل عليها. - رقم الصفحة 47 - موسوعة القرآن الكريم

275 : 2

ٱلَّذِينَ يَأۡكُلُونَ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ لَا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ ٱلَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ مِنَ ٱلۡمَسِّۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡبَيۡعُ مِثۡلُ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْۗ وَأَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡبَيۡعَ وَحَرَّمَ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْۚ فَمَن جَآءَهُۥ مَوۡعِظَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ فَٱنتَهَىٰ فَلَهُۥ مَا سَلَفَ وَأَمۡرُهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَنۡ عَادَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ

(275) ˹While˺ Those who devour usury^[489] will only rise up in a way similar to he who is touched by the devil^[490]. That for saying: “Trade and usury are the same”; Allah has made trade lawful, and He made usury unlawful. Whoever gets a warning from His Lord and detests^[491], for him what is gone is gone, and Allah will decide His case^[492]. Whoever backtracks^[493], these are the company of the Fire, therein they abide forever^[494].

[489] Ribā, a recurrent theme in the Qur’an, is a financial transaction in which the lender loans money out and in return gets the principal capital plus interest. Whereas giving out money in charity is strongly encouraged, as seen in these ayas, usury is considered one of the seven cardinal sins (al-sabʿ al-mūbiqāt) in Islam, because it cuts against the grain of the true Believing spirit as expounded in the Qur’an; essentially, it entails exploitation of the economically vulnerable by the strong and resourceful.
[490] The image given here, of a person possessed by the devil staggering while standing and walking unsteadily as they are resurrected for the Day of Judgement, is meant to repulse people from such transactions. It is also a just requital because it mimics their insatiable lust for money in this life making them declare lawful what is not, thus twisting the laws ordained by God (cf. al-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī).
[491] Halts dealing in such a transaction.
[492] Judging by his intentions and motives. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Baghawī)
[493] Goes back to dealing in usury knowing how sinful it is. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Baghawī)
[494] Rebellious, sinning Believers will not stay in Hellfire indefinitely. Instead, they will abide in it for a very long period of time and for as long as it takes to cleanse them of their sins. (Ibn ʿAṭiyyah, al-Saʿdī)

276 : 2

يَمۡحَقُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّبَوٰاْ وَيُرۡبِي ٱلصَّدَقَٰتِۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ أَثِيمٍ

(276) Allah extirpates usury^[495] and fosters^[496] charities—Allah likes not every tenacious Denier, ˹wonted˺ committer of sins.

[495] One way to interpret this is that God would not bless or prosper the money gained through such an immoral transaction (cf. 30: 39). (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)
[496] Yurbī (lit. to grow and cultivate translated here as foster) is semantically related to ribā (usury; originally meaning ‘increase’). It is used strategically here by way of correcting this misnomer, showing what blessed investment, which is likely to grow and flourish, really is: namely, charity (cf. 2: 245). Abū Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Whoever gives in charity the equal of a date ˹of palm˺ from a good source – Allah only accepts what is good – Allah will receive it with His Right Hand. Then He will nurture it for him as much as one of you cares for his young foal, until it becomes as big as a mountain”. (al-Bukhārī: 1410) Charity is described in the Qur’an as a trade with God that will not go to ruin (cf. 35: 29).

277 : 2

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ

(277) Those who Believe, do good deeds, keep up the Prayer, give out the prescribed alms, theirs will be ˹justly˺ their reward from their Lord, they will have neither fear nor will they grieve^[497].

[497] Cf. 2: 274 above.

278 : 2

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَذَرُواْ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓاْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ

(278) You who Believe, be Mindful of Allah and relinquish what is left of ˹outstanding˺ usury^[498], if you are ˹really˺ Believers.

[498] The remaining usurious interest due on transactions conducted before usury was declared unlawful. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)

279 : 2

فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُواْ فَأۡذَنُواْ بِحَرۡبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُبۡتُمۡ فَلَكُمۡ رُءُوسُ أَمۡوَٰلِكُمۡ لَا تَظۡلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظۡلَمُونَ

(279) But if you do not do so, then be warned of a war by Allah and His Messenger. But if you give ˹usury˺ up, ˹duly˺ yours is your principal ˹capital˺—you will not do wrong nor will you be wronged^[499].

[499] Not doing wrong by receiving interest and not being wronged against by preserving your principal capital in full. (al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr, al-Saʿdī)

280 : 2

وَإِن كَانَ ذُو عُسۡرَةٖ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَىٰ مَيۡسَرَةٖۚ وَأَن تَصَدَّقُواْ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ

(280) But if he ˹the indebted˺ is ˹financially˺ constrained, then ˹grant him˺ a deferral until a time of ease ˹for him˺. But that you shall remit ˹the debt as˺ charity is better for you, if only but you knew^[500].

[500] Abū Qatādah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Whoever is hopeful that Allah will spare him the hardships of the Day of Judgement, then let him grant deferral to a constrained debtor, or relieve him ˹altogether˺”. (Muslim: 1563)

281 : 2

وَٱتَّقُواْ يَوۡمٗا تُرۡجَعُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ

(281) Be Mindful of a Day on which you shall be returned to Allah and every soul shall be paid in full what it earned—they will not be wronged.