[35] Nakāl (deterrence) is penalization set as an example for others; it is called nakāl because it deters both the perpetrator and others from committing it.
[36] They had not attended the Prophet's gatherings or heard his words.
[37] The legal ruling desired by them.
[38] They heed the words of warning of other conniving men who were so averse that they did not go to the Prophet (ﷺ) to hear what he had to say.
[39] The meaning here is misbelief, misconception, or self-delusion as a result of one's own refusal of truth.