[1] i.e., did not put its teachings into practice.
[2] i.e., They carry the physical burden of the books but are unaware of their contents and do not benefit from them.
[3] Such as disobedience to Allah, distorting of the scriptures, killing of the prophets, claiming to have killed Jesus, accusing Mary of adultery, devouring peoples' wealth unlawfully and usury, etc. See 4:153-158.